In D. melanogaster, male-biased genes have fewer orthologs (genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation) between distantly-related species than female-biased or unbiased genes. This suggests that male-biased genes show a faster protein evolution or a higher rate of gene gain/loss. Here we identified orthologs on the basis of Inparanoid data . All orthologous genes shared by D. melanogaster and D. pseudoobscura as well as D. melanogaster and Annopheles gambiae were downloaded from the Inparanoid database. Each gene in our Sebida database that can be found in the Inparanoid datasets was considered as an ortholog. The figures below illustrate the proportion of D. melanogaster genes that have orthologs in D. pseudoobscura or Annopheles gambiae using both a FDR of 5% and a 2-fold cutoff.